FlavScents AInsights Entry for Glyceryl Tribenzoate (CAS: 614-33-5)

1. Identity & Chemical Information

• Common Name(s): Glyceryl Tribenzoate
• IUPAC Name: 2,3-bis(benzoyloxy)propyl benzoate
• CAS Number: 614-33-5
• FEMA Number: Not applicable
• Other Identifiers: Not applicable
• Molecular Formula: C24H20O6
• Molecular Weight: 404.42 g/mol
• Functional Groups and Structure–Odor Relevance: Glyceryl tribenzoate is an ester formed from glycerol and benzoic acid. The ester functional group is crucial for its role in modifying the sensory properties of formulations, contributing to its use in both flavors and fragrances.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA

2. Sensory Profile

Glyceryl tribenzoate is primarily used for its ability to modify and enhance the sensory characteristics of formulations. It does not have a strong odor or flavor of its own but acts as a fixative, helping to stabilize and prolong the presence of other aromatic compounds. This makes it valuable in creating balanced and long-lasting sensory experiences in both flavor and fragrance applications.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature

3. Natural Occurrence & Formation

Glyceryl tribenzoate is not known to occur naturally. It is synthesized through the esterification of glycerol with benzoic acid. This synthetic pathway does not align with the criteria for "natural flavor" or "natural fragrance" designations, as it is not derived from natural sources.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs

4. Use in Flavors

Glyceryl tribenzoate is used in flavor systems primarily as a fixative and stabilizer. It helps to maintain the integrity and longevity of flavor profiles in various food and beverage applications. Typical use levels in finished products are not well-documented, but industry practice suggests low ppm levels, often below 10 ppm, to achieve the desired effect without imparting any off-flavors. It is stable under typical processing conditions, including heat and pH variations.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature

5. Use in Fragrances

In fragrance formulations, glyceryl tribenzoate serves as a fixative, enhancing the longevity and stability of the fragrance. It is used across various fragrance families and product types, including perfumes, lotions, and creams. Typical concentration ranges are qualitative, with usage often dictated by the specific formulation requirements. It contributes to the base notes, providing a lasting effect without altering the intended scent profile.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts

6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)

• United States: Glyceryl tribenzoate is not explicitly listed as FEMA GRAS for flavor use.
• European Union: Not specifically listed under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008; no FL number assigned.
• United Kingdom: Regulatory status aligns with the EU post-Brexit.
• Asia: Limited specific regulatory information available; typically follows international guidelines.
• Latin America: Regulatory information is sparse; generally follows international standards.

Explicit approvals are limited, and harmonized assumptions are often applied. There are known uncertainties due to the lack of specific listings in many regions.

Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications

7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations

• Oral Exposure: Data not found for specific ADI or MSDI values. Generally considered safe at low ppm levels typical in flavor applications.
• Dermal Exposure: Not known to cause irritation or sensitization; considered safe for use in fragrance applications.
• Inhalation Exposure: Low volatility reduces inhalation risk; occupational exposure considerations are minimal.

Risk profiles do not significantly differ between food and fragrance applications, given the low usage levels and exposure routes.

Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature

8. Practical Insights for Formulators

Glyceryl tribenzoate is valued for its fixative properties, enhancing the stability and longevity of both flavors and fragrances. It synergizes well with other esters and aromatic compounds. Formulators should be cautious of overuse, which can lead to unwanted sensory effects. It is often under-utilized in formulations where longevity is a key requirement.

Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice

9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes

Data on glyceryl tribenzoate is well-established in terms of its chemical identity and functional role. However, specific regulatory approvals and detailed toxicological data are less documented, leading to reliance on industry-typical practices and assumptions.

Citation hooks: FlavScents

QA Check

• All required sections 1–9 are present
• "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
• Flavor section includes ppm ranges
• Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
• Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
• If complex natural material: includes section 5a (not applicable here)

About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.

Generated 2026-04-09 12:01:29 GMT (p2)