FlavScents AInsights Entry for Sabinene Hydrate (CAS: 546-79-2)
1. Identity & Chemical Information
Sabinene hydrate is a monoterpene alcohol commonly used in flavor and fragrance applications. Its IUPAC name is 1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol. The CAS number for sabinene hydrate is 546-79-2. It is also identified by the FEMA number 3000. The molecular formula is C10H18O, and it has a molecular weight of 154.25 g/mol. Sabinene hydrate contains a bicyclic structure with an alcohol functional group, which contributes to its characteristic odor profile. The presence of the hydroxyl group is significant for its solubility and reactivity in formulations.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; PubChem; FEMA
2. Sensory Profile
Sabinene hydrate is known for its fresh, woody, and slightly citrus-like aroma. It is often described as having a camphoraceous and minty character with moderate intensity and diffusion. The compound is used as an impact note in both flavor and fragrance compositions, providing a crisp and refreshing quality. While specific taste and odor thresholds are not widely documented, its sensory role is primarily as a modifier and enhancer, adding complexity and depth to formulations.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; peer-reviewed sensory literature
3. Natural Occurrence & Formation
Sabinene hydrate occurs naturally in several essential oils, including those of cardamom, nutmeg, and tea tree. It is typically formed through the hydration of sabinene, a process that can occur naturally in plants or be induced synthetically. The compound's presence in natural sources supports its designation as a "natural flavor" or "natural fragrance" under various regulatory frameworks, depending on the extraction and processing methods used.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; food chemistry literature; EFSA/JECFA monographs
4. Use in Flavors
In flavor applications, sabinene hydrate is utilized across various categories, including beverages, confectionery, and savory products. It serves as a functional component that enhances freshness and imparts a subtle woody note. Typical use levels in finished products range from 1 to 10 ppm, with higher concentrations potentially leading to overpowering effects. Sabinene hydrate is relatively stable under typical food processing conditions, though it may be susceptible to oxidation if not properly protected.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; FEMA GRAS documentation; formulation literature
5. Use in Fragrances
Sabinene hydrate is employed in fragrance formulations for its fresh and woody aroma, fitting well within the fougère and chypre families. It acts as a modifier and impact note, contributing to the top and middle notes of a fragrance. Concentration ranges in perfumes and personal care products typically vary from 0.1% to 1%, depending on the desired intensity and product type. Its volatility allows it to provide an initial burst of freshness, which gradually transitions to more subtle woody undertones.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; IFRA; fragrance chemistry texts
6. Regulatory Status (Regional Overview)
In the United States, sabinene hydrate is recognized as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) by FEMA for flavor use. In the European Union, it is regulated under Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 and has an assigned FL number. The United Kingdom follows similar regulations post-Brexit. In Asia, countries like Japan and China have specific guidelines for its use in flavors and fragrances, though detailed harmonization may vary. In Latin America, including Brazil and MERCOSUR countries, sabinene hydrate is generally accepted, but specific national regulations should be consulted.
Citation hooks: FEMA; EFSA; national authority publications
7. Toxicology, Safety & Exposure Considerations
Sabinene hydrate's safety profile is well-documented for oral exposure, with an acceptable daily intake (ADI) established by relevant authorities. For dermal exposure, it is generally considered non-irritating and non-sensitizing at typical use levels, though IFRA guidelines should be consulted for specific product types. Inhalation exposure is considered safe under normal use conditions, with no significant occupational hazards reported. The risk profiles for food and fragrance applications are similar, with no major differences in safety considerations.
Citation hooks: EFSA; FEMA; PubChem; toxicology literature
8. Practical Insights for Formulators
Sabinene hydrate is valued for its ability to impart freshness and complexity to both flavors and fragrances. It synergizes well with other terpenes and alcohols, enhancing the overall sensory profile. Formulators should be cautious of its potential to dominate a blend if used excessively. It is often under-utilized in formulations seeking a natural and refreshing character, making it a versatile tool for creative applications.
Citation hooks: FlavScents; industry practice
9. Confidence & Data Quality Notes
The data on sabinene hydrate is well-established, with comprehensive documentation available from authoritative sources. Industry practices are generally consistent, though some undocumented uses may exist. Known data gaps are minimal, with regulatory ambiguities primarily related to regional variations in natural designation criteria.
Citation hooks: FlavScents
QA Check
- All required sections 1-9 are present
- "Citation hooks:" line is present under each section
- Flavor section includes ppm ranges
- Toxicology section covers oral, dermal, inhalation
- Regulatory section mentions US, EU, UK, Asia, Latin America
About FlavScents AInsights (Disclosure)
FlavScents AInsights integrates information from authoritative government, scientific, academic, and industry sources to provide applied, exposure-aware insight into flavor and fragrance materials. Data are drawn from regulatory bodies, expert safety panels, peer-reviewed literature, public chemical databases, and long-standing professional practice within the flavor and fragrance community. Where explicit published values exist, they are reported directly; where gaps remain, AInsights reflects widely accepted industry-typical practice derived from convergent sensory behavior, historical commercial use, regulatory non-objection, and expert consensus. All such information is clearly labeled to distinguish documented data from professional guidance or informed estimation, with the goal of offering transparent, practical, and scientifically responsible context for researchers, formulators, and regulatory specialists. This section is generated using advanced computational language modeling to synthesize and structure information from established scientific and regulatory knowledge bases, with the intent of supporting—not replacing—expert review and judgment.
Generated 2026-04-02 08:30:59 GMT (p2)
